Mayer Amschel Rothschild 1734
- 1836 - In San Antonio, TX, the siege of the Alamo began.
- 1847 - Santa Anna was defeated at the Battle of Buena Vista in Mexico by U.S. troops under Gen. Zachary.
- 1861 - U.S. President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrived secretly in Washington to take his office after an assassination attempt in Baltimore.
- 1898 - In France, Emile Zola was imprisoned for his letter, "J'accuse," which accused the government of anti-Semitism and wrongly jailing Alfred Dreyfus.
- 1904 - The U.S. acquired control of the Panama Canal Zone for $10 million.
- 1919 - The Fascist Party was formed in Italy by Benito Mussolini.
- 1945 - The 28th Regiment of the Fifth Marine Division of the U.S. Marines reached the top of Mount Surabachi. A photograph of these Marines raising the American flag was taken.
- 1954 - The first mass vaccination of children against polio began in Pittsburgh, PA.
- 1997 - Ali Hassan Abu Kamal, a Palestinian teacher, opened fire on the 86th-floor observation deck of New York City's Empire State Building. He killed one person and wounded six more before killing himself.
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