Karl Marx 1818 - Socialist writer ("Das Kapital", "The Communist Manifesto"), founder of communism
- 1862 - The Battle of Puebla took place. It is celebrated as Cinco de Mayo Day.
- 1865 - The Thirteenth Amendment was ratified, abolishing slavery in the U.S.
- 1892 - The U.S. Congress extended the Geary Chinese Exclusion Act for 10 more years. The act required Chinese in the U.S. to be registered or face deportation.
- 1955 - The Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) became a sovereign state.
- 1961 - Astronaut Alan B. Shepard Jr., aboard Mercury capsule Freedom 7, became the first American in space when he made a 15 minute suborbital flight.
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